ABSTRACT
Nowadays, Diabetic Neuropathy (DN) is considered the most common cause of peripheral neuropathy in clinical practice. It can affect sensitive, motor or autonomic nerve fibers, with symmetric, asymmetric, acute or chronic presentations. Due to this variability, with multiple physiopathologic mechanisms involved, a complex clinical classification has been used until recently. The aim of this review is to present a new classification of diabetic neuropathy, based on its physiopathology. It is divided in metabolic microvascular and hypoxic, autoimmune and inflammatory, compressive, secondary to complications ofdiabetes and related to treatment. It must be understood that DN is notjust a functional disease, but a complication of diabetes with molecular and pathological substrates caused by hyperglycemia. Therefore, normalization of blood glucose is a fundamental step towards the successful prevention and treatment of DN.
Subject(s)
Humans , Diabetic Neuropathies/classification , Autonomic Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Diabetic Neuropathies/physiopathology , Hyperglycemia/physiopathology , Peripheral Nervous System Diseases/physiopathologyABSTRACT
Se efectúa una revisión de las características farmacológicas y del uso clínico de los neurolépticos orales y de depósito más utilizados. Se analizan las principales causas de fracaso terapéutico, enfatizando los factores de riesgo de las complicaciones de mayor importancia y en particular de las diskinesias tardías y del síndrome neuroléptico maligno